International Centre for Counter-Terrorism

How can states design fair, victim-centred reparation systems after terrorist attacks? In this new Policy Paper, Jeanne Sulzer offers a comprehensive analysis of France’s unique dual-track approach to compensating victims of terrorism—combining immediate financial support through the FGTI with judicial redress via the Jurisdiction for the Compensation of Victims of Terrorism (JIVAT). The paper highlights not only the strengths of France’s model, including symbolic and societal redress efforts, but also the ongoing gaps: inconsistent compensation, administrative burdens, emotional toll, and the exclusion of foreign and international crime victims. It concludes with actionable policy recommendations to enhance equity, psychological support, and institutional access, while encouraging broader adoption of such a system internationally. 📄 Read the full Policy Brief here: https://buff.ly/qtEnGM8

How did the International Legion evolve from 2022 to 2025? What challenges has it faced? In this report, Kacper Rekawek, Laura Winkelmuller Real and Maria Zotova delve into the changes - or the lack of thereof - in the reality on the ground for the foreign fighters in Ukraine. ➡️ https://buff.ly/k5zoNnP

When does “borderline content” become extremist content — and how do we define it before we can detect or moderate it? In this ICCT Analysis, Tanya Mehra and Bibi van Ginkel, PhD, LLM examine the challenges of defining borderline content—especially given its growing impact on youth. ICCT has conducted a commissioned study examining the feasibility of developing a reliable framework for detecting and moderating extremist and terrorist content online. This analysis is based on the report and seeks to define the scope of borderline content. Mehra and van Ginkel explain why the term borderline content is not helpful and suggest using the definition of 'implicit extremist content' as this is a better term to assist service providers in detecting and moderating harmful content online in the context of violent extremism. 📄 Read the full Analysis here: https://buff.ly/SjQy8Qg

Which far-right extremist groups get listed as terrorist organisations, and which don’t? In a new ICCT analysis, Thomas Renard and Kacper Rekawek explore the legal, political and practical dimensions of designating far-right groups like The Base as terrorist entities. 📄 Read the full analysis: https://buff.ly/jeTxl05

What can we learn from the Dutch “Care and Safety Houses” about effective multi-agency working in countering radicalisation? In this ICCT Policy Brief, @Anna-Maria Andreeva and @Menso Hartgers examine how the Netherlands’ multi-agency model—bringing together municipalities, police, probation services and social care under the “Zorg-en-Veiligheidshuizen” framework—enables a coordinated, holistic approach to preventing radicalisation and extremism. The brief highlights how shared case management, 24/7 information exchange, and local-level ownership contribute to tailored responses. 📄 Read the full Policy Brief here: https://buff.ly/CrBrgRD

📢 Our ICCT November Newsletter is out! 📰 Check out our latest pieces, projects and more! Subscribe to receive monthly updates on job opportunities, events and publications! Read it here: ➡️ https://buff.ly/dqAXbcJ

When does moderation become monitoring, and how do we balance safety with rights online? In this ICCT report, commissioned by the Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek- en Datacentrum (WODC) (the Dutch Research and Data Centre of the Ministry of Justice and Security), Bibi van Ginkel, PhD, LLM, Tanya Mehra, Merlina Herbach, LL.M. Herbach, Julian Lanchès Lanches, and Yael Boerma examine the blurred boundaries of content moderation: the legal, ethical, and practical challenges of detecting and dealing with extremist content, hate speech, and disinformation online. It offers a critical overview of how moderation practices vary across jurisdictions, the risks posed by over-moderation, and the potential for abuse when regulation lacks transparency. The report argues for a calibrated approach: robust, rights-respecting moderation paired with accountability standards and international cooperation. It’s essential reading for policymakers, platform regulators, civil society, and tech companies grappling with online safety and free expression. 📄 Read the full Report here: https://buff.ly/WOgCtqE 📄 Read the Executive Summary here (in English): https://buff.ly/S7rzSzc 📄Lees hier de managementsamenvatting: https://buff.ly/H9MqHD8

Does expanding the boundaries of the criminalisation of terrorism lead to over-criminalisation and potentially jeopardise the rule of law and fundamental rights? In this new Policy Brief, Mukhriz Mat Rus, PhD examines the criminalisation of terrorism offences in Indonesia and Malaysia, placing it within broader counter-terrorism frameworks. The brief explores how domestic incidents, international pressure, and ambiguous legal definitions may potentially contribute to a trend of over-criminalisation. Through comparative analysis, the brief underscores good practices and offers actionable recommendations for more just, precise, and effective legal approaches to counter-terrorism in Indonesia and Malaysia. 📄 Read the full Policy Brief here: https://buff.ly/ZvtqBkZ

📢 Apply now for the Editorial and Communications Internship! 📱 📝 The ICCT is seeking a motivated intern with strong organisational and communication skills to support our Editorial and Communications work. If you have social media management, editorial and graphic design skills with an interest in contributing to research on #terrorism and #extremism, don't hesitate to apply below! 🗓️ Deadline: 12 December 2025 ℹ️ Internship description and full details on how to apply: https://buff.ly/iGkOLEU Please note: We will review applications and conduct interviews on a rolling basis. We reserve the right to close the vacancy earlier, and therefore, early application is encouraged.

🚨 LAST DAY TO REGISTER🚨 How can online terrorist and extremist content be effectively detected and moderated while respecting freedom of expression? Join us on 2 December 2025 (15:00–17:00 CET) for an ICCT Live Briefing where we will present key results of the soon-to-be-published Report: Blurred Boundaries: Legal, Ethical, and Practical Limits in Detecting and Moderating Terrorist, Illegal and Implicit Extremist Content Online while Respecting Freedom of Expression Commissioned by the WODC (the Dutch Research and Data Centre of the Ministry of Justice and Security), at the request of the Netherlands’ National Coordinator for Counterterrorism and Security (NCTV), ICCT conducted a feasibility study regarding the development of a reliable framework for detecting and moderating extremist and terrorist content online. Included in this category of content is the so-called ‘borderline’ content, which is not always easily detectable due to its implicit character. The briefing will explore the rise of so-called “implicit extremist content”, material that does not explicitly promote violence but is nonetheless harmful and potentially conducive to radicalisation. Participants will discuss the EU regulatory framework, indicators for recognising implicit content, and challenges in developing fair and effective moderation strategies, as well as recommendations for policymakers and online platforms. The event will be moderated by Jesse Six Dijkstra, a former Member of the Dutch Parliament and will feature contributions from authoritative speakers: Bibi van Ginkel, PhD, LLM, Programme Lead of the Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism Pillar at the International Centre for Counter-Terrorism. Tanya Mehra, Programme Lead of the Rule of Law Responses to Terrorism Pillar at the International Centre for Counter-Terrorism. Arda Gerkens, Chair of the Autoriteit online Terroristisch en Kinderpornografisch Materiaal Marlena Wisniak, Senior Legal Manager for AI and Human Rights at the European Center for Not-for-Profit Law With a speaker representing the NCTV, to be announced. 📅 Register here: https://buff.ly/boZYTsn