Added functions

Author: srinibasbiswal

functions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# Diving into functions
+
+""" 1. A function is defined by the keyword def. The syntax of function is:
+            def function_name( parameters ):
+                executable statements
+                return
+    
+    2. A function is called by simply writing the function name followed by parebthesis. Syntax:
+            function_name (passed_arguments)
+"""
+
+
+# A Basic Function Example
+
+# A simple function catching a string and printing it
+def printing(name):
+    print("The name is ",name,"\tCodex",name)
+printing("ITER")
+
+
+# A simple add function that takes two variables x and y and returns the summation of x and y
+def add(x,y):
+    return (x+y)
+ans = add(2,3)
+print(" 2 + 3 =",ans)
+
+
+# A function that can catch unknown number of arguments and store it in form of a list
+def many_args(*args):
+    for i in args:
+        print(i)
+many_args(1,2,"codex",40.76)
+
+
+
+# function with default value
+def example (name = "codex"):
+    print(name)
+example("ITER") # here the value of name will be changed to ITER
+example()       # here as no value is passed the default value will be the output ,i.e, codex
+
+
+# function with keyword argument
+def example2 ( name, year ):
+    print("Name is: ",name)
+    print ("Year is: ",year)
+example2( year=2017,name="CODEX")   # here the arguments are passed out of order but still it will catch perfectly as keywords are used