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Add the new commits from upstream

tglsfdc and others added 30 commits February 12, 2021 16:26
Given a regex pattern with a very long fixed prefix (approaching 500
characters), the result of pow(FIXED_CHAR_SEL, fixed_prefix_len) can
underflow to zero.  Typically the preceding selectivity calculation
would have underflowed as well, so that we compute 0/0 and get NaN.
In released branches this leads to an assertion failure later on.
That doesn't happen in HEAD, for reasons I've not explored yet,
but it's surely still a bug.

To fix, just skip the division when the pow() result is zero, so
that we'll (most likely) return a zero selectivity estimate.  In
the edge cases where "sel" didn't yet underflow, perhaps this
isn't desirable, but I'm not sure that the case is worth spending
a lot of effort on.  The results of regex_selectivity_sub() are
barely worth the electrons they're written on anyway :-(

Per report from Alexander Lakhin.  Back-patch to all supported versions.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/6de0a0c3-ada9-cd0c-3e4e-2fa9964b41e3@gmail.com
Buildfarm results show that gcc up through 7.x produces annoying
warnings for this construct (and, presumably, wouldn't do the right
thing anyway).  clang seems okay with the cutoff we have, though.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAPpHfdsne3%3DT%3DfMNU45PtxdhSL_J2PjLTeS8rwKnJzUR4YNd4w%40mail.gmail.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/475514.1612745257%40sss.pgh.pa.us
The new name conveys the effect better, is more consistent with similar
functions ReadNextMultiXactId(), ReadNextFullTransactionId(), and
matches the name of the variable that it reads.

Reported-by: Peter Geoghegan <pg@bowt.ie>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAH2-WzmVR4SakBXQUdhhPpMf1aYvZCnna5%3DHKa7DAgEmBAg%2B8g%40mail.gmail.com
When REG_DEBUG is defined, ensure that an un-filled "struct cnfa"
is all-zeroes, not just that it has nstates == 0.  This is mainly
so that looking at "struct subre" structs in gdb doesn't distract
one with a lot of garbage fields during regex compilation.

Adjust some places that print debug output to have suitable fflush
calls afterwards.

In passing, correct an erroneous ancient comment: the concatenation
subre-s created by parsebranch() have op == '.' not ','.

Noted while fooling around with some regex performance improvements.
With its current design, a careless use of pg_cryptohash_final() could
would result in an out-of-bound write in memory as the size of the
destination buffer to store the result digest is not known to the
cryptohash internals, without the caller knowing about that.  This
commit adds a new argument to pg_cryptohash_final() to allow such sanity
checks, and implements such defenses.

The internals of SCRAM for HMAC could be tightened a bit more, but as
everything is based on SCRAM_KEY_LEN with uses particular to this code
there is no need to complicate its interface more than necessary, and
this comes back to the refactoring of HMAC in core.  Except that, this
minimizes the uses of the existing DIGEST_LENGTH variables, relying
instead on sizeof() for the result sizes.  In ossp-uuid, this also makes
the code more defensive, as it already relied on dce_uuid_t being at
least the size of a MD5 digest.

This is in philosophy similar to cfc40d3 for base64.c and aef8948 for
hex.c.

Reported-by: Ranier Vilela
Author: Michael Paquier, Ranier Vilela
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAEudQAoqEGmcff3J4sTSV-R_16Monuz-UpJFbf_dnVH=APr02Q@mail.gmail.com
While cleaning up after a parallel query or parallel index creation that
created temporary files, we could be interrupted by a statement timeout.
The error handling path would then fail to clean up the files when it
ran dsm_detach() again, because the callback was already popped off the
list.  Prevent this hazard by holding interrupts while the cleanup code
runs.

Thanks to Heikki Linnakangas for this suggestion, and also to Kyotaro
Horiguchi, Masahiko Sawada, Justin Pryzby and Tom Lane for discussion of
this and earlier ideas on how to fix the problem.

Back-patch to all supported releases.

Reported-by: Justin Pryzby <pryzby@telsasoft.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20191212180506.GR2082@telsasoft.com
For consistency with the PostgreSQL behavior this test program is
intended to simulate, use pwrite() instead of lseek() + write().

Also fix the final "non-sync" test, which was opening and closing the
file for every write.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA%2BhUKGJjjid2BJsvjMALBTduo1ogdx2SPYaTQL3wAy8y2hc4nw%40mail.gmail.com
FreeBSD 13 gained O_DSYNC, which would normally cause wal_sync_method to
choose open_datasync as its default value.  That may not be a good
choice for all systems, and performs worse than fdatasync in some
scenarios.  Let's preserve the existing default behavior for now.

Like commit 576477e, which did the same for Linux, back-patch to all
supported releases.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA%2BhUKGLsAMXBQrCxCXoW-JsUYmdOL8ALYvaX%3DCrHqWxm-nWbGA%40mail.gmail.com
Explain which particular LP_DEAD line pointers get accounted for by the
tups_vacuumed variable.
GistPageSetDeleted() sets pd_lower when deleting a page, and sets the
page contents to a GISTDeletedPageContents.  Avoid treating deleted GiST
pages as regular slotted pages within pageinspect.

Oversight in commit 756ab29.

Author: Andrey Borodin <x4mmm@yandex-team.ru>
This brings gist_page_items() and gist_page_items_bytea() in line with
nbtree's bt_page_items() function.

Minor follow-up to commit 756ab29, which added the GiST functions.

Author: Andrey Borodin <x4mmm@yandex-team.ru>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/E0794687-7315-4C29-A9C7-EC54D448596D@yandex-team.ru
…_locks, take 2

This commit adds new column "waitstart" into pg_locks view. This column
reports the time when the server process started waiting for the lock
if the lock is not held. This information is useful, for example, when
examining the amount of time to wait on a lock by subtracting
"waitstart" in pg_locks from the current time, and identify the lock
that the processes are waiting for very long.

This feature uses the current time obtained for the deadlock timeout
timer as "waitstart" (i.e., the time when this process started waiting
for the lock). Since getting the current time newly can cause overhead,
we reuse the already-obtained time to avoid that overhead.

Note that "waitstart" is updated without holding the lock table's
partition lock, to avoid the overhead by additional lock acquisition.
This can cause "waitstart" in pg_locks to become NULL for a very short
period of time after the wait started even though "granted" is false.
This is OK in practice because we can assume that users are likely to
look at "waitstart" when waiting for the lock for a long time.

The first attempt of this patch (commit 3b733fc) caused the buildfarm
member "rorqual" (built with --disable-atomics --disable-spinlocks) to report
the failure of the regression test. It was reverted by commit 890d218.
The cause of this failure was that the atomic variable for "waitstart"
in the dummy process entry created at the end of prepare transaction was
not initialized. This second attempt fixes that issue.

Bump catalog version.

Author: Atsushi Torikoshi
Reviewed-by: Ian Lawrence Barwick, Robert Haas, Justin Pryzby, Fujii Masao
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/a96013dc51cdc56b2a2b84fa8a16a993@oss.nttdata.com
If ExecGetInsertedCols(), ExecGetUpdatedCols() or ExecGetExtraUpdatedCols()
were called with a ResultRelInfo that's not in the range table and isn't a
partition routing target, the functions would dereference a NULL pointer,
relinfo->ri_RootResultRelInfo. Such ResultRelInfos are created when firing
RI triggers in tables that are not modified directly. None of the current
callers of these functions pass such relations, so this isn't a live bug,
but let's make them more robust.

Also update comment in ResultRelInfo; after commit 6214e2b,
ri_RangeTableIndex is zero for ResultRelInfos created for partition tuple
routing.

Noted by Coverity. Backpatch down to v11, like commit 6214e2b.

Reviewed-by: Tom Lane, Amit Langote
The inner loop in switchToPresortedPrefixMode() can be implemented
as a conventional integer-counter for() loop, removing a couple of
redundant boolean state variables.  The old logic here was a remnant
of earlier development, but as things now stand there's no reason
for extra complexity.

Also, annotate the test case added by 82e0e29 to explain why it
manages to hit the corner case fixed in that commit, and add an
EXPLAIN to verify that it's creating an incremental-sort plan.

Back-patch to v13, like the previous patch.

James Coleman and Tom Lane

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16846-ae49f51ac379a4cb@postgresql.org
In 955a684 we fixed a bug in initial snapshot creation. In the
course of which several members of struct SnapBuild were obsoleted. As
SnapBuild is serialized to disk we couldn't change the memory layout.

Unfortunately I subsequently forgot about removing the backward compat
gunk, but luckily Heikki just reminded me.

This commit bumps SNAPBUILD_VERSION, therefore breaking existing
slots (which is fine in a major release).

Author: Andres Freund
Reminded-By: Heikki Linnakangas <hlinnaka@iki.fi>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/c94be044-818f-15e3-1ad3-7a7ae2dfed0a@iki.fi
Both luckily and unluckily the passed values meant the same for all
types. Luckily because that meant my confusion caused no harm,
unluckily because otherwise the compiler might have warned...

In passing, synchronize parameter names between definition and
declaration.

Reported-By: Peter Geoghegan <pg@bowt.ie>
Author: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAH2-Wz=L=nBoepQdH9b5Qd0nMvepFT2CnT6sjWvvpOXa=K8HVQ@mail.gmail.com
This issue exists from the inception of this code (PG-10) but got exposed
by the recent commit ce0fdbf where we are using origins in tablesync
workers. The problem was that we were sometimes sending the prepare_write
('w') message but then the actual message was not being sent and on the
subscriber side, we always expect a message after prepare_write message
which led to this bug.

I refrained from backpatching this because there is no way in the core
code to hit this prior to commit ce0fdbf and we haven't received any
complaints so far.

Reported-by: Erik Rijkers
Author: Amit Kapila and Vignesh C
Tested-by: Erik Rijkers
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1295168140.139428.1613133237154@webmailclassic.xs4all.nl
Commit 2f2007f did this partially, but there were two remaining
warts.  checkcondition_gin handled some uncertain cases by setting
the out-of-band recheck flag, some by returning TS_MAYBE, and some
by doing both.  Meanwhile, TS_execute arbitrarily converted a
TS_MAYBE result to TS_YES.  Thus, if checkcondition_gin chose to
only return TS_MAYBE, the outcome would be TS_YES with no recheck
flag, potentially resulting in wrong query outputs.

The case where this'd happen is if there were GIN_MAYBE entries
in the indexscan results passed to gin_tsquery_[tri]consistent,
which so far as I can see would only happen if the tidbitmap used
to accumulate indexscan results grew large enough to become lossy.

I initially thought of fixing this by ensuring we always set the
recheck flag as well as returning TS_MAYBE in uncertain cases.
But that errs in the other direction, potentially forcing rechecks
of rows that provably match the query (since the recheck flag
remains set even if TS_execute later finds that the answer must be
TS_YES).  Instead, let's get rid of the out-of-band recheck flag
altogether and rely on returning TS_MAYBE.  This requires exporting
a version of TS_execute that will actually return the full ternary
result of the evaluation ... but we likely should have done that
to start with.

Unfortunately it doesn't seem practical to add a regression test case
that covers this: the amount of data needed to cause the GIN bitmap to
become lossy results in a longer runtime than I think we want to have
in the tests.  (I'm wondering about allowing smaller work_mem settings
to ameliorate that, but it'd be a matter for a separate patch.)

Per bug #16865 from Dimitri Nüscheler.  Back-patch to v13 where
the faulty commit came in.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16865-4ffdc3e682e6d75b@postgresql.org
ALTER INDEX was able to handle that already.  This adds tab completion
for all the remaining commands that support this grammar:
- ALTER FUNCTION
- ALTER PROCEDURE
- ALTER ROUTINE
- ALTER TRIGGER
- ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW

Author: Ian Lawrence Barwick
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAB8KJ=iypYudXuMOAMOP4BpkaYbXxk=a2cdJppX0e9mJXWtuig@mail.gmail.com
An inconsistent set of debug-level messages was not using
errmsg_internal(), thus uselessly exposing the messages to translation
work.  Fix those.
Author: Daniel Gustafsson <daniel@yesql.se>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/0CF087FC-BEAD-4010-8BB9-3CDD74DC9060@yesql.se
Several information schema views track dependencies between
functions/procedures and objects used by them.  These had not been
implemented so far because PostgreSQL doesn't track objects used in a
function body.  However, formally, these also show dependencies used
in parameter default expressions, which PostgreSQL does support and
track.  So for the sake of completeness, we might as well add these.
If dependency tracking for function bodies is ever implemented, these
views will automatically work correctly.

Reviewed-by: Erik Rijkers <er@xs4all.nl>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/ac80fc74-e387-8950-9a31-2560778fc1e3%40enterprisedb.com
Push some hopefully-uncontroversial bits extracted from an upcoming
patch series, to remove non-relevant clutter from the main patches.

In compact(), return immediately after setting REG_ASSERT error;
continuing the loop would just lead to assertion failure below.
(Ask me how I know.)

In parseqatom(), remove assertion that moresubs() did its job.
When moresubs actually did its job, this is redundant with that
function's final assert; but when it failed on OOM, this is an
assertion crash.  We could avoid the crash by adding a NOERR()
check before the assertion, but it seems better to subtract code
than add it.  (Note that there's a NOERR exit a few lines further
down, and nothing else between here and there requires moresubs
to have succeeded.  So we don't really need an extra error exit.)
This is a live bug in assert-enabled builds, but given the very
low likelihood of OOM in moresub's tiny allocation, I don't think
it's worth back-patching.

On the other hand, it seems worthwhile to add an assertion that
our intended v->subs[subno] target is still null by the time we
are ready to insert into it, since there's a recursion in between.

In pg_regexec, ensure we fflush any debug output on the way out,
and try to make MDEBUG messages more uniform and helpful.  (In
particular, ensure that all of them are prefixed with the subre's
id number, so one can match up entry and exit reports.)

Add some test cases in test_regex to improve coverage of lookahead
and lookbehind constraints.  Adding these now is mainly to establish
that this is indeed the existing behavior.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1340281.1613018383@sss.pgh.pa.us
A cross-partition update on a partitioned table is implemented as a
delete followed by an insert. With foreign partitions, this was however
causing issues, because the FDW and core may disagree on when to enable
batching.  postgres_fdw was only allowing batching for plain inserts
(CMD_INSERT) while core was trying to batch the insert component of the
cross-partition update.  Fix by restricting core to apply batching only
to plain CMD_INSERT queries.

It's possible to allow batching for cross-partition updates, but that
will require more extensive changes, so better to leave that for a
separate patch.

Author: Amit Langote
Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra, Takayuki Tsunakawa
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20200628151002.7x5laxwpgvkyiu3q@development
Discuss VACUUM's linear scan after discussion of tuple deletion by
VACUUM, but before discussion of page deletion by VACUUM.  This
progression is a lot more natural.

Also tweak the wording a little.  It seems unnecessary to talk about how
it worked prior to PostgreSQL 8.2.
Add another method to specify CRLs, hashed directory method, for both
server and client side.  This offers a means for server or libpq to
load only CRLs that are required to verify a certificate.  The CRL
directory is specifed by separate GUC variables or connection options
ssl_crl_dir and sslcrldir, alongside the existing ssl_crl_file and
sslcrl, so both methods can be used at the same time.

Author: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horikyota.ntt@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/20200731.173911.904649928639357911.horikyota.ntt@gmail.com
Amit Kapila and others added 29 commits March 17, 2021 08:15
Commit ce0fdbf made tablesync slots permanent and allow Drop
Subscription to drop such slots. However, it is possible that before
tablesync worker could get the acknowledgment of slot creation, drop
subscription stops it and that can lead to a dangling slot on the
publisher. Prevent cancel/die interrupts while creating a slot in the
tablesync worker.

Reported-by: Thomas Munro as per buildfarm
Author: Amit Kapila
Reviewed-by: Vignesh C, Takamichi Osumi
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+hUKGJG9dWpw1cOQ2nzWU8PHjm=PTraB+KgE5648K9nTfwvxg@mail.gmail.com
It seems like a useful sanity check to be able to run "installcheck"
against a cluster running with default_transaction_level set to
serializable or repeatable read.  Only one thing currently fails in
those configurations, so let's fix that.

No back-patch for now, because it fails in many other places in some of
the stable branches.  We'd have to go back and fix those too if we
included this configuration in automated testing.

Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA%2BhUKGJUaHeK%3DHLATxF1JOKDjKJVrBKA-zmbPAebOM0Se2FQRg%40mail.gmail.com
With very unlucky timing and parallel_leader_participation off, PHJ
could attempt to access per-batch state just as it was being freed.
There was code intended to prevent that by checking for a cleared
pointer, but it was buggy.

Fix, by introducing an extra barrier phase.  The new phase
PHJ_BUILD_RUNNING means that it's safe to access the per-batch state to
find a batch to help with, and PHJ_BUILD_DONE means that it is too late.
The last to detach will free the array of per-batch state as before, but
now it will also atomically advance the phase at the same time, so that
late attachers can avoid the hazard, without the data race.  This
mirrors the way per-batch hash tables are freed (see phases
PHJ_BATCH_PROBING and PHJ_BATCH_DONE).

Revealed by a one-off build farm failure, where BarrierAttach() failed a
sanity check assertion, because the memory had been clobbered by
dsa_free().

Back-patch to 11, where the code arrived.

Reported-by: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20200929061142.GA29096%40paquier.xyz
Commit 3048898 dropped -ING from some wait event names that correspond
to barrier phases.  Update the phases' names to match.

While we're here making cosmetic changes, also rename "DONE" to "FREE".
That pairs better with "ALLOCATE", and describes the activity that
actually happens in that phase (as we do for the other phases) rather
than describing a state.  The distinction is clearer after bugfix commit
3b8981b split the phase into two.  As for the growth barriers, rename
their "ALLOCATE" phase to "REALLOCATE", which is probably a better
description of what happens then.  Also improve the comments about
the phases a bit.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA%2BhUKG%2BMDpwF2Eo2LAvzd%3DpOh81wUTsrwU1uAwR-v6OGBB6%2B7g%40mail.gmail.com
578b229, that removed support for WITH OIDS, has changed
CatalogTupleInsert() to not return an Oid, but one comment was still
mentioning that.

Author: Vik Fearing
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/fef01975-ed10-3601-7b9e-80ecef72d00b@postgresfriends.org
This was a bit disjointed, partly because of a not-well-considered
decision to document SQL commands that don't return result rows as
though they had nothing in common with commands that do.  Rearrange
so that we have one discussion of variable substitution that clearly
applies to all types of SQL commands, and then handle the question
of processing command output separately.  Clarify that EXPLAIN,
CREATE TABLE AS SELECT, and similar commands that incorporate an
optimizable statement will act like optimizable statements for the
purposes of variable substitution.  Do a bunch of minor wordsmithing
in the same area.

David Johnston and Tom Lane, reviewed by Pavel Stehule and David
Steele

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAKFQuwYvMKucM5fnZvHSo-ah4S=_n9gmKeu6EAo=_fTrohunqQ@mail.gmail.com
The existing test script does run pg_basebackup with the -Ft option,
but it makes no real attempt to verify the sanity of the results.
We wouldn't know if the output is incompatible with standard "tar"
programs, nor if the server fails to start from the restored output.
Notably, this means that xlog.c's read_tablespace_map() is not being
meaningfully tested, since that code is used only in the tar-format
case.  (We do have reasonable coverage of restoring from plain-format
output, though it's over in src/test/recovery not here.)

Hence, attempt to untar the output and start a server from it,
rather just hoping it's OK.

This test assumes that the local "tar" has the "-C directory"
switch.  Although that's not promised by POSIX, my research
suggests that all non-extinct tar implementations have it.
Should the buildfarm's opinion differ, we can complicate the
test a bit to avoid requiring that.

Possibly this should be back-patched, but I'm unsure about
whether it could work on Windows before d66b23b.
Robert Foggia of Trustwave reported that read_tablespace_map()
fails to prevent an overrun of its on-stack input buffer.
Since the tablespace map file is presumed trustworthy, this does
not seem like an interesting security vulnerability, but still
we should fix it just in the name of robustness.

While here, document that pg_basebackup's --tablespace-mapping option
doesn't work with tar-format output, because it doesn't.  To make it
work, we'd have to modify the tablespace_map file within the tarball
sent by the server, which might be possible but I'm not volunteering.
(Less-painful solutions would require changing the basebackup protocol
so that the source server could adjust the map.  That's not very
appetizing either.)
While looking at Robert Foggia's report, I noticed a passel of
other issues in the same area:

* The scheme for backslash-quoting newlines in pathnames is just
wrong; it will misbehave if the last ordinary character in a pathname
is a backslash.  I'm not sure why we're bothering to allow newlines
in tablespace paths, but if we're going to do it we should do it
without introducing other problems.  Hence, backslashes themselves
have to be backslashed too.

* The author hadn't read the sscanf man page very carefully, because
this code would drop any leading whitespace from the path.  (I doubt
that a tablespace path with leading whitespace could happen in
practice; but if we're bothering to allow newlines in the path, it
sure seems like leading whitespace is little less implausible.)  Using
sscanf for the task of finding the first space is overkill anyway.

* While I'm not 100% sure what the rationale for escaping both \r and
\n is, if the idea is to allow Windows newlines in the file then this
code failed, because it'd throw an error if it saw \r followed by \n.

* There's no cross-check for an incomplete final line in the map file,
which would be a likely apparent symptom of the improper-escaping
bug.

On the generation end, aside from the escaping issue we have:

* If needtblspcmapfile is true then do_pg_start_backup will pass back
escaped strings in tablespaceinfo->path values, which no caller wants
or is prepared to deal with.  I'm not sure if there's a live bug from
that, but it looks like there might be (given the dubious assumption
that anyone actually has newlines in their tablespace paths).

* It's not being very paranoid about the possibility of random stuff
in the pg_tblspc directory.  IMO we should ignore anything without an
OID-like name.

The escaping rule change doesn't seem back-patchable: it'll require
doubling of backslashes in the tablespace_map file, which is basically
a basebackup format change.  The odds of that causing trouble are
considerably more than the odds of the existing bug causing trouble.
The rest of this seems somewhat unlikely to cause problems too,
so no back-patch.
Seems to have been a copy-and-paste mistake in 093129c.
Per report from max1@inbox.ru.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/161591740692.24273.4202054598867879464@wrigleys.postgresql.org
When accessing replication slot stats, introduced in 9868167,
pgstat_read_statsfiles() reads the data into newly allocated
memory. Unfortunately the current memory context at that point is the
callers, leading to leaks and use-after-free dangers.

The fix is trivial, explicitly use pgStatLocalContext. There's some
potential for further improvements, but that's outside of the scope of
this bugfix.

No backpatch necessary, feature is only in HEAD.

Author: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20210317230447.c7uc4g3vbs4wi32i@alap3.anarazel.de
Commit 05c8482 added the implementation of parallel SELECT for
"INSERT INTO ... SELECT ..." which may incur non-negligible overhead in
the additional parallel-safety checks that it performs, even when, in the
end, those checks determine that parallelism can't be used. This is
normally only ever a problem in the case of when the target table has a
large number of partitions.

A new GUC option "enable_parallel_insert" is added, to allow insert in
parallel-mode. The default is on.

In addition to the GUC option, the user may want a mechanism to allow
inserts in parallel-mode with finer granularity at table level. The new
table option "parallel_insert_enabled" allows this. The default is true.

Author: "Hou, Zhijie"
Reviewed-by: Greg Nancarrow, Amit Langote, Takayuki Tsunakawa, Amit Kapila
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAA4eK1K-cW7svLC2D7DHoGHxdAdg3P37BLgebqBOC2ZLc9a6QQ%40mail.gmail.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAJcOf-cXnB5cnMKqWEp2E2z7Mvcd04iLVmV=qpFJrR3AcrTS3g@mail.gmail.com
Commit c8f78b6 added a new reloption to enable inserts in parallel-mode
but forgot to update at one of the places about the same in docs. In
passing, fix a typo in the same commit.

Reported-by: Justin Pryzby
Author: Justin Pryzby
Reviewed-by: "Hou, Zhijie", Amit Kapila
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20210318025228.GE11765@telsasoft.com
pg_read_file() is the function that's in core, pg_file_read() is in
adminpack. But when using pg_file_read() in adminpack it calls the *C*
level function pg_read_file() in core, which probably threw the original
author off. But the error hint should be about the SQL function.

Reported-By: Sergei Kornilov
Backpatch-through: 11
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/373021616060475@mail.yandex.ru
After a crash of a backend using temporary files, the files used to be
left behind, on the basis that it might be useful for debugging. But we
don't have any reports of anyone actually doing that, and it means the
disk usage may grow over time due to repeated backend failures (possibly
even hitting ENOSPC). So this behavior is a bit unfortunate, and fixing
it required either manual cleanup (deleting files, which is error-prone)
or restart of the instance (i.e. service disruption).

This implements automatic cleanup of temporary files, controled by a new
GUC remove_temp_files_after_crash. By default the files are removed, but
it can be disabled to restore the old behavior if needed.

Author: Euler Taveira
Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra, Michael Paquier, Anastasia Lubennikova, Thomas Munro
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAH503wDKdYzyq7U-QJqGn%3DGm6XmoK%2B6_6xTJ-Yn5WSvoHLY1Ww%40mail.gmail.com
With grouping sets, it's possible that some of the grouping sets are
duplicate.  This is especially common with CUBE and ROLLUP clauses. For
example GROUP BY CUBE (a,b), CUBE (b,c) is equivalent to

  GROUP BY GROUPING SETS (
    (a, b, c),
    (a, b, c),
    (a, b, c),
    (a, b),
    (a, b),
    (a, b),
    (a),
    (a),
    (a),
    (c, a),
    (c, a),
    (c, a),
    (c),
    (b, c),
    (b),
    ()
  )

Some of the grouping sets are calculated multiple times, which is mostly
unnecessary.  This commit implements a new GROUP BY DISTINCT feature, as
defined in the SQL standard, which eliminates the duplicate sets.

Author: Vik Fearing
Reviewed-by: Erik Rijkers, Georgios Kokolatos, Tomas Vondra
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/bf3805a8-d7d1-ae61-fece-761b7ff41ecc@postgresfriends.org
Our coding convention requires this macro's result to be assigned
back to the original List variable.  In this usage, since the
List could not become empty, there was no actual bug --- but
some compilers warned about it.  Oversight in be45be9.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/35077b31-2d62-1e31-0e2e-ddb52d590b73@enterprisedb.com
Only "IMPORT" was showing as result of the completion, while IMPORT
FOREIGN SCHEMA is the only command using this keyword in first
position.  This changes the completion to show the full command name
instead of just "IMPORT".

Reviewed-by: Georgios Kokolatos, Julien Rouhaud
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/YFL6JneBiuMWYyoh@paquier.xyz
The test included in cd91de0 had two simple flaws.

Firstly, the number of rows was low and on some platforms (e.g. 32-bit)
the sort did not require on-disk sort, so on those machines it was not
testing the automatic removal.  The test was however failing, because
without any temporary files the base/pgsql_tmp directory was not even
created.  Fixed by increasing the rowcount to 5000, which should be high
engough on any platform.

Secondly, the test used a simple sleep to wait for the temporary file to
be created.  This is obviously problematic, because on slow machines (or
with valgrind, CLOBBER_CACHE_ALWAYS etc.) it may take a while to create
the temporary file.  But we also want the tests run reasonably fast.
Fixed by instead relying on a UNIQUE constraint, blocking the query that
created the temporary file.

Author: Euler Taveira
Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAH503wDKdYzyq7U-QJqGn%3DGm6XmoK%2B6_6xTJ-Yn5WSvoHLY1Ww%40mail.gmail.com
Although these lists are usually NIL, and even when not empty
are unlikely to be large, constant relcache update traffic could
eventually result in visible bloat of CacheMemoryContext.

Found via valgrind testing.
Back-patch to v10 where this field was added.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3816764.1616104288@sss.pgh.pa.us
Some code paths in this function perform syscache lookups, which
can lead to table accesses and possibly leakage of cruft into
the caller's context.  If said context is CacheMemoryContext,
we eventually will have visible bloat.  But fixing this is no
harder than moving one memory context switch step.  (The other
callers don't have a problem.)

Andres Freund and I independently found this via valgrind testing.
Back-patch to v12 where this code was added.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20210317023101.anvejcfotwka6gaa@alap3.anarazel.de
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3816764.1616104288@sss.pgh.pa.us
The text search cache mechanisms assume that we can clean up
an invalidated dictionary cache entry simply by resetting the
associated long-lived memory context.  However, that does not work
for ispell affixes that make use of regular expressions, because
the regex library deals in plain old malloc.  Hence, we leaked
compiled regex(es) any time we dropped such a cache entry.  That
could quickly add up, since even a fairly trivial regex can use up
tens of kB, and a large one can eat megabytes.  Add a memory context
callback to ensure that a regex gets freed when its owning cache
entry is cleared.

Found via valgrind testing.
This problem is ancient, so back-patch to all supported branches.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3816764.1616104288@sss.pgh.pa.us
Because guc.c prefers to keep all its string values in malloc'd
not palloc'd storage, it has to be more careful than usual to
avoid leaks.  Error exits out of string GUC hook checks failed
to clear the proposed value string, and error exits out of
ProcessGUCArray() failed to clear the malloc'd results of
ParseLongOption().

Found via valgrind testing.
This problem is ancient, so back-patch to all supported branches.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3816764.1616104288@sss.pgh.pa.us
We leaked the error report from PQconninfoParse, when there was
one.  It seems unlikely that real usage patterns would repeat
the failure often enough to create serious bloat, but let's
back-patch anyway to keep the code similar in all branches.

Found via valgrind testing.
Back-patch to v10 where this code was added.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3816764.1616104288@sss.pgh.pa.us
Commit 86c23a6 changed the option to specify that postgres will
stop all other server processes by sending the signal SIGSTOP,
from -s to -T. But previously there were comments incorrectly
explaining that SIGSTOP behavior is set by -s option. This commit
fixes them.

Author: Kyotaro Horiguchi
Reviewed-by: Fujii Masao
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20210316.165141.1400441966284654043.horikyota.ntt@gmail.com
Buildfarm member fairywren doesn't like the test case I added
in commit 081876d.  I'm guessing the reason is that I shouldn't
be using a perl2host-ified path in the tar command line.
@knizhnik knizhnik merged commit 6f2f61b into postgrespro:libpq_compression Mar 19, 2021
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