Matplotlib in Tkinter

Question

I am trying to plot a graph using Matplotlib in tkinter. Here the graph should plot all the values of 'a' in the range 0-24. My code is as follows

import math
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use("TkAgg")
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from tkinter import *

def att_func(d=0, n=0, z=0):
# Getting User inputs from the UI

   d = d_user.get()
   n = n_user.get()
   z = z_user.get()

   a = (-9.87 * math.sin(2 * ((2 * math.pi * (d - 81)) / 365)) + n * z)
   a_label.configure(text=a)

   return (a)

#Plotting the graph
class App:
    def __init__(self, master):
        frame = tkinter.Frame(master)
        self.nbutton_graph = tkinter.Button(frame, text="Show Graph", command=self.graph)
        self.nbutton_graph.pack()


        f = Figure(figsize=(5, 5), dpi=100)
        ab = f.add_subplot(111)
        self.line, = ab.plot(range(24))
        self.canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(f, self)
        self.canvas.show()
        self.canvas.get_tk_widget().pack()

   def graph(self):
       day_elevation_hrs = []
       for i in range(24):
           day_elevation_hrs.append(att_func(i, 0, 0)[0])


           self.canvas.draw()

       return
root = tkinter.Tk()
app = App(root)

# User Inputs
d_user = IntVar()
n_user = DoubleVar()
z_user = DoubleVar()


nlabel_d = Label(text="Enter d").pack()
nEntry_d = Entry(root, textvariable=d_user).pack()

nlabel_n = Label(text="Enter n").pack()
nEntry_n = Entry(root, textvariable=n_user).pack()

nlabel_z = Label(text="Enter z").pack()
nEntry_z = Entry(root, textvariable=z_user).pack()

# Displaying results

nlabel_a = Label(text="a is").pack()
a_label = Label(root, text="")
a_label.pack()

root.mainloop()

Here I am able to calculate what i need. But when I am trying to plot the same, I am unable to. I tried as many modification I could. But seems to be in a stale mate. I am sure that I am going wrong somewhere. but can't figure out where.

when i try to plot the same graph with matplotlib, with out tkinter, it works. but when I try to do it in a UI with tkinter i am unable to.. Here is the code for plotting graph in matplotlib without tkinter.

 import matplotlib.pylab as pl 
 day_elevation_hrs=[]
 for i in range(24):
    day_elevation_hrs.append(att_func(i, 0, 0)[0])

 pl.title("Elevation of a in range i")
 pl.plot(day_elevation_hrs)

You never actually call any plotting commands (other than adding a title, which should be set_title) and in graph it looks like ab is undefined. — tacaswell
– tacaswell, Commented Sep 14, 2015 at 16:00
i haven't called any plotting commands and ya ab was undefined. i have fixed it.. but still the code doesnt seem to work.. — Sandy.Arv
– Sandy.Arv, Commented Sep 15, 2015 at 12:58
What exactly does "unable to" mean? Are you getting errors? Does the program crash? — Bryan Oakley
– Bryan Oakley, Commented Sep 15, 2015 at 17:20
@BryanOakley It says 'App' object has no attribute 'line' but some times i get 'App' object has no attribute 'tk'. I am new to python programming and this is very very confusing — Sandy.Arv
– Sandy.Arv, Commented Sep 16, 2015 at 8:17
Right after your App class definition you have the following line: root = tinker.Tk(). tinker is probably a typo as I don't see it anywhere else in your code. — Chris
– Chris, Commented Sep 16, 2015 at 13:29

Bryan Oakley · Accepted Answer · 2015-09-16 11:35:59Z

1

Your code won't run as posted, but I can see two definite problems.

First, your App is a frame that contains a canvas, but you never add the frame to the root window. Because of that, your canvas will be invisible.

Add the following code after you create an instance of App:

app.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)

Second, you are making a common mistake when defining the button to display the graph. The command attribute takes a reference to a function. However, you are calling the graph() function, and using the result as the value of the command attribute.

In other words, change this:

self.nbutton_graph = Tk.Button(self, text="Show Graph", command=self.graph())

to this:

self.nbutton_graph = Tk.Button(self, text="Show Graph", command=self.graph)

Notice the lack of () after self.graph. This could be the reason why you are seeing errors like 'App' object has no attribute 'line', since you are calling the graph function before you fully initialize all your variables.

edited Sep 16, 2015 at 11:35

answered Sep 15, 2015 at 17:29

Bryan Oakley

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1 Comment

Bryan Oakley Over a year ago

@Sandy.Arv: what is "the same error"? What error are you getting?

jcfollower · Accepted Answer · 2015-09-17 12:41:54Z

0

This documentation shows that the second explicit parameter for FigureCanvasTkAgg.__init__ should be the master. (It's really a keyword parameter.)

So, have you tried changing that line to ...

self.canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(f, master=master)

answered Sep 17, 2015 at 12:41

jcfollower

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