Python code to consolidate CSS into HTML

Question

Looking for python code that can take an HTML page and insert any linked CSS style definitions used by that page into it - so any externally referenced css page(s) are not needed.

Needed to make single files to insert as email attachments from existing pages used on web site. Thanks for any help.

You can easily pull the CSS out, but what CSS path will you use to identify each piece of CSS? I'm not sure how easily you can do that programmatically. — hughdbrown
– hughdbrown, Commented Nov 22, 2010 at 15:23
No, not a dup. The aim here is to put everything into one file. — Sven Marnach
– Sven Marnach, Commented Nov 22, 2010 at 15:55
Note that Outlook HTML mail reader is Word, anything but inline style="..." in each tag may result very odd sometimes. — Paulo Scardine
– Paulo Scardine, Commented Nov 22, 2010 at 19:29

Permafacture · Accepted Answer · 2014-04-21 03:35:27Z

4

Sven's answer helped me, but it didn't work out of the box. The following did it for me:

import bs4   #BeautifulSoup 3 has been replaced
soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(open("index.html").read())
stylesheets = soup.findAll("link", {"rel": "stylesheet"})
for s in stylesheets:
    t = soup.new_tag('style')
    c = bs4.element.NavigableString(open(s["href"]).read())
    t.insert(0,c)
    t['type'] = 'text/css'
    s.replaceWith(t)
open("output.html", "w").write(str(soup))

answered Apr 21, 2014 at 3:35

Permafacture

4103 silver badges13 bronze badges

Sign up to request clarification or add additional context in comments.

Comments

Sven Marnach · Accepted Answer · 2010-11-22 16:07:23Z

2

You will have to code this yourself, but BeautifulSoup will help you a long way. Assuming all your files are local, you can do something like:

from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup
soup = BeautifulSoup(open("index.html").read())
stylesheets = soup.findAll("link", {"rel": "stylesheet"})
for s in stylesheets:
    s.replaceWith('<style type="text/css" media="screen">' +
                  open(s["href"]).read()) +
                  '</style>')
open("output.html", "w").write(str(soup))

If the files are not local, you can use Pythons urllib or urllib2 to retrieve them.

answered Nov 22, 2010 at 16:07

Sven Marnach

608k123 gold badges969 silver badges866 bronze badges

3 Comments

Frédéric Hamidi Over a year ago

That, and hope he doesn't use any @import rules :)

Sven Marnach Over a year ago

@Frédéric: Good point. I'm sure I missed quite a few cases, but that's just to get Scott going :)

Scott Treseder Over a year ago

Thanks. This was a great help.

its me · Accepted Answer · 2014-09-01 16:25:03Z

2

You can use pynliner. Example from their documentation:

html = "html string"
css = "css string"
p = Pynliner()
p.from_string(html).with_cssString(css)

answered Sep 1, 2014 at 16:25

its me

2413 silver badges7 bronze badges

Collectives™ on Stack Overflow

Python code to consolidate CSS into HTML

3 Answers 3

Comments

3 Comments

Comments

Your Answer

Linked

Hot Network Questions

Collectives™ on Stack Overflow

3 Answers 3

Comments

3 Comments

Comments

Your Answer

Sign up or log in

Post as a guest

Linked

Related